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Hazard Analysis of Liquids in Cryogenic Liquid Transport Vehicles

16 Mar,2021

Hazard Analysis of Liquids in Cryogenic Liquid Transport Vehicles

When it comes to cryogenic liquids, most people are probably already familiar with them. Liquid methane, ethane, propane, propylene, and others all fall under the category of cryogenic liquids. These substances are not only flammable and explosive but also qualify as cryogenic media, so safety must be strictly observed during transportation and storage. This is precisely why cryogenic liquid transport vehicles have been developed; our main focus here will be on Cryogenic Liquid Transport Vehicle What are the hazards of medium- and low-temperature liquids?
Analysis of the Hazardous Characteristics of Cryogenic Liquids:
Low-temperature liquids exhibit hazardous characteristics such as low boiling points, significant thermal expansion, strong asphyxiation effects, and strong oxidizing properties.
⒈ Boiling point of cryogenic liquids:
In cryogenic liquid transport vehicles, the boiling points of cryogenic liquids at 101.3 kPa are as follows: liquid nitrogen boils at −196°C, liquid oxygen at −183°C, and liquid argon at −186°C. Contact with human skin or eyes can result in severe frostbite. Even minor leaks of cryogenic liquids or internal leaks in piping and valves will cause the surrounding environment to lose heat, leading to rapid condensation and frost formation at the leak point; in severe cases, ice may form.
⒉ Thermal expansion of cryogenic liquids:
When cryogenic liquids are exposed to high ambient heat or experience significant leaks that cause them to absorb surrounding energy, their volume expands rapidly due to swift vaporization. At 0°C and a pressure of 101.3 kPa, the volume of the vapor produced by the vaporization of 1 liter of a cryogenic liquid is as follows: 674 liters for nitrogen, 800 liters for oxygen, and 780 liters for argon. In closed vessels or pipelines, the increase in internal pressure resulting from the vaporization of cryogenic liquids can easily lead to overpressure and rupture of the vessel or pipeline.
3. Leakage of cryogenic liquids:
In the ambient environment surrounding cryogenic liquid storage tanks, leaks and subsequent vaporization of cryogenic liquids from transport vehicles can readily create oxygen-enriched zones. When the concentrations of nitrogen, argon, or carbon dioxide are high, such conditions can easily lead to asphyxiation. Conversely, elevated oxygen concentrations can result in oxygen toxicity.
⒋ Oxidizing properties of cryogenic liquids:
Oxygen is a powerful combustion promoter with strong oxidizing properties. Liquid oxygen, when brought into close proximity to flammable materials, can easily ignite in the presence of an open flame; contact with such materials may trigger detonation due to vibration or impact; and mixing with flammable substances poses a potential explosion hazard. Liquid oxygen can adhere to clothing and fabrics, where it is prone to flash ignition upon exposure to an ignition source, resulting in personal injury.
That concludes the above. Cryogenic Liquid Transport Vehicle This information has been compiled and released by the manufacturer, CIMC Sanctum. Zhangjiagang CIMC Sanctum Cryogenic Equipment Co., Ltd. is a leading manufacturer of cryogenic storage tanks, LNG storage tanks, LNG fueling station equipment, cryogenic liquid transport vehicles, natural gas storage tanks, LNG tanker trucks, liquid nitrogen storage tanks, carbon dioxide storage tanks, and cryogenic liquid nitrogen transport vehicles. Our cryogenic liquid storage tanks, tanker trucks, tank containers, and cryogenic insulated cylinders are widely recognized by numerous renowned gas companies at home and abroad for their advanced technology, outstanding quality, and exceptional after-sales service. We warmly welcome you to contact us for more information.